Unemployment and Skills Overview in Iraq
Unemployment in Iraq
Iraq continues to face significant unemployment challenges, particularly among young people and women. The national unemployment rate is approximately 15.5 percent, meaning about one in seven people actively seeking work are unemployed.
The situation is more severe for young people. Youth unemployment is estimated to be between 27 and 36 percent, with young women experiencing even higher rates of joblessness than young men. This reflects structural issues in education, job availability, and workforce participation.
Additionally, only about one-third of working-age Iraqis are formally employed, indicating widespread underemployment and reliance on informal work.
English Language Proficiency in Iraq
There is no official census that precisely counts how many Iraqis speak English, but available studies and international assessments indicate that overall English proficiency in Iraq is low compared to many other countries.
English is taught in schools and is more commonly understood among university students, professionals, and urban youth. However, truly fluent English speakers remain a minority of the population. Many Iraqis have basic or conversational English skills, especially those who use the internet, study at universities, or work in business or international sectors, but widespread fluency is not yet common.
Computer Literacy and Digital Skills
Digital and computer literacy in Iraq remains limited, despite widespread smartphone use.
Studies suggest that about 60 percent of Iraqi youth lack basic digital skills needed for modern employment. This means many young people can use social media or messaging apps but do not necessarily have skills such as using computers, professional software, online job platforms, or digital work tools.
Overall, only about 35 percent of the general population is estimated to have basic computer literacy, meaning they can use a computer for fundamental tasks such as typing, browsing, or basic programs. The remaining majority have little to no formal computer skills.
There is also a significant gender gap in digital literacy. Women, particularly in rural areas, are far less likely to have access to computers, training, or digital education compared to men.
Summary
National unemployment: Approximately 15.5 percent
Youth unemployment: Around 27 to 36 percent, higher for women
English proficiency: Commonly taught but fluency remains limited to a minority
Basic computer literacy: About 35 percent of the population
Digital skills gap: Around 60 percent of youth lack essential digital skills
